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SCIENCE NEWS
Preventing Pancreatic Islet Loss after Transplantation
By studying islet transplantation in a mouse model of diabetes, researchers have now identified a potential new set of targets to improve the efficiency of pancreatic islet transplantation. [Press release from EurekAlert discussing online prepublication in The Journal of Clinical Investigation]
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CURRENT PUBLICATIONS
Signaling by Intrathymic Cytokines, not T Cell Antigen Receptors, Specifies CD8 Lineage Choice and Promotes the Differentiation of Cytotoxic-Lineage T Cells
Cytokine signaling is required for positively selected thymocytes to express the transcription factor Runx3, specify CD8 lineage choice and differentiate into cytotoxic-lineage T cells. [Nat Immunol]
High-Mobility Group Box 1 is Involved in the Initial Events of Early Loss of Transplanted Islets in Mice
Findings indicate that the high-mobility group box 1-mediated pathway eliciting early islet loss is a potential target for intervention to improve the efficiency of islet transplantation. [J Clin Invest]
Inhibitory Role for GABA in Autoimmune Inflammation
Researchers demonstrate that immune cells synthesize GABA, the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the adult brain, and have the machinery for GABA catabolism. [Proc Natl Acad Sci]
Activation State and Intracellular Trafficking Contribute to the Repertoire of Endogenous Glycosphinogolipids Presented by CD1d
This report identifies the range of glycosphingolipids bound to soluble murine CD1d (mCD1d) molecules that sample the endoplasmic reticulum/secretory routes and cell surface-cleaved mCD1d that also samples the endocytic system. [Proc Natl Acad Sci]
Regulation of Autoreactive B Cell Responses to Endogenous Toll-Like Receptor Ligands
Evidence suggests that B cell activation by BCR/toll-like receptor pathways is tightly regulated by surface-expressed receptors on B cells, and the outcome of activation depends on the balance of stimulatory and inhibitory signals. [J Autoimmun]
Regulatory T Cells Attenuate Th17 Cell-Mediated Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in a Model of Parkinson's Disease
These results demonstrate regulatory T cell control of N-alpha-syn-induced neurodestructive immunity and, as such, provide a sound rationale for future Parkinson's disease immunization strategies. [J Immunol]
IL-17 Promotes Tumor Development through the Induction of Tumor Promoting Microenvironments at Tumor Sites and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells
The IL-17R deficiency increased CD8 T cell infiltration, whereas it reduced the infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tumors. In contrast, administration of IL-17 inhibited CD8 T cell infiltration and increased MDSCs in tumors. [J Immunol]
T Cell Polarization Depends on Concentration of the Danger Signal Used to Activate Dendritic Cells
This study reveals that bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) pulsed with LPS-free ovalbumine did not induce allergic disease. However, when BMDCs were activated with low-dose LPS during pulsing with allergen, these cells expressed an inflammatory set of cytokines and co-stimulatory molecules like CD86 and OX40L. [Immunol Cell Biol]
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EVENTS
13th International Conference on Lymphocyte Activation and Immune Regulation: Inflammasome and Inflammation
February 5-7, 2010
Newport Beach, United States
Keystone Symposia: Tolerance and Autoimmunity
February 21-26, 2010
Taos, United States
World Immune Regulation Meeting (WIRM) - IV
March 29-April 1, 2010
Davos, Switzerland
American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) 101st Annual Meeting 2010
April 17-21, 2010
Washington, DC, United States
IMMUNOLOGY 2010
May 7-11, 2010
Baltimore, United States
14th International Congress of Immunology
August 22-27, 2010
Kobe, Japan
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